Arizona State University (ASU) PSY101 Introduction to Psychology Exam 3 Practice

Chronic stress can significantly impact overall health, leading to a variety of serious issues, particularly cardiovascular disease and a weakened immune response. When a person experiences ongoing stress, the body remains in a heightened state of alertness, leading to elevated levels of stress hormones like cortisol. This prolonged exposure can contribute to the development of cardiovascular problems, such as hypertension (high blood pressure), heart attack, and stroke, as the heart and blood vessels are under continuous strain.

Additionally, chronic stress negatively affects the immune system. Prolonged stress may cause the body to release less immune-protective substances, making individuals more susceptible to infections and illnesses. Over time, this weakened immune response can lead to more significant health consequences.

In contrast, the other options suggest positive outcomes—such as improved mental clarity, increased muscle strength, and enhanced cognitive function—that are not typically associated with chronic stress. In fact, chronic stress tends to impair, rather than improve, these functions, making the correct choice of health issues associated with chronic stress clear and well-supported by psychological and medical research.