What defines conventional morality according to Kohlberg?

Conventional morality, as defined by Lawrence Kohlberg, is characterized by adherence to societal rules and norms. At this stage of moral development, individuals generally accept the rules of the group as their own, largely because they understand the importance of social order and the implications of maintaining relationships within their community. People at this level often focus on conforming to societal expectations and maintaining social approval, believing that one's actions should be guided by the expectations of others. This may involve following laws, respecting authority, and upholding social order to ensure harmony and cooperation.

The other options reflect different stages or perspectives in moral reasoning. Following one's own ethical beliefs represents a higher level of moral reasoning, where an individual prioritizes personal principles over societal norms. Pursuing one’s own interests regardless of rules indicates a more egocentric approach to morality, typical of earlier developmental stages. Developing personal ethical principles also suggests a stage beyond conventional morality, where individuals create their own standards based on abstract reasoning rather than societal rules.