What is the term for the phenomenon where previous learning interferes with the recall of newer information?

The correct answer refers to proactive interference, which describes a situation where older, previously learned information inhibits the ability to recall newer information. This phenomenon occurs because the earlier memories can sometimes create confusion, making it difficult to retrieve more recent memories. When information learned previously competes with new information, it can lead to difficulty in remembering the new details effectively.

In contrast, retroactive interference involves the opposite phenomenon, where new information disrupts the recall of previously learned information. Rehearsal is the cognitive process of repeatedly practicing or reviewing information, which can help improve memory retention but does not describe the interference effect. Encoding failure refers to the inability to store information in long-term memory due to insufficient attention during the initial learning phase.