Which approach emphasizes the role of genetics in intellectual development?

The correct answer focuses on genetic determinism, which asserts that genetic factors play a significant role in shaping individual traits, including intelligence. This approach suggests that biological inheritance influences cognitive abilities and intellectual potential. Supporters of genetic determinism argue that characteristics such as intelligence can be inherited in a manner similar to physical traits, highlighting the importance of genetics in the study of intellectual development.

In the context of psychological theories, behaviorism primarily emphasizes the role of environmental factors and learned behaviors rather than genetic predispositions. Cognitive psychology focuses on mental processes such as perception, memory, and reasoning, without centering on genetics as a driving force. Humanistic psychology, with its emphasis on personal growth and self-actualization, also does not prioritize genetics but rather the individual's environment and experiences in shaping their development. Thus, genetic determinism is the approach that directly correlates genetics with intellectual development.